REFORGER演習


REFORGER是部隊重返德國(REturn of FORces to GERmany)的簡寫。REFORGER演習是冷戰其間北約的年度演習。演習旨在確保北約能在不得不與華約發生衝突的情況下，快速部署部隊到西德。REFORGER演習開始於1969年。除1989年外，REFORGER演習每年持續舉行，直到1993年冷戰結束為至。





  • 正參與85年REFORGER演習的M60巴頓







  • 正參與82年演練的戰機群







  • 參與演練的德軍豹1型坦克







  • 82演練中在西德小鎮中行走的M60巴頓





參加REFORGER演習的部隊


The following units were earmarked to return to West Germany in case of war:



  • 美國陸軍第3軍（III US Corps）－原本駐地 德克萨斯州胡德堡（Fort Hood，TX）

    • 美國陸軍第1騎兵師（1st Cavalry Division），Ft. Hood，TX，POMCUS Set at 5 depots in 比利時 (Grobbendonk, Zutendaal) 及荷蘭 (Brunssum, Eygelshoven) 彈藥儲備位於比利時聚滕達爾（Zutendaal）。


    • 美國陸軍第2裝甲師（2nd Armored Division），Ft. Hood，TX，POMCUS Set at 4 depots in the Federal Republic of Germany (Mönchengladbach, Straelen, Osterholz-Scharmbeck) and ammunition depot in Kevelaer.


    • 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized), Fort Polk, LA, POMCUS Set at 6 depots in the Netherlands (Ter Apel, Coevorden, Vriezenveen) and ammunition depot in Coevorden.


    • 212th Field Artillery Brigade, Fort Sill, OK, POMCUS Set at 4 depots in the Federal Republic of Germany (Mönchengladbach) and ammunition depot in Kevelaer.


    • 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fort Bliss, TX, POMCUS Set at 4 depots in the Federal Republic of Germany (Mönchengladbach) and ammunition depot in Kevelaer



  • 美國陸軍第5軍（V Corps），駐法蘭克福，FRG

    • 4th Infantry Division (Mechanized), Fort Carson, CO, POMCUS Set at 2 depots at Kaiserslautern.


    • 194th Armored Brigade, Fort Knox, KY, POMCUS Set at 3 depots in the Federal Republic of Germany at Pirmasens


    • 197th Infantry Brigade (Mechanized), Fort Benning, GA, POMCUS Set at 3 depots in the Federal Republic of Germany at Pirmasens



  • 美國陸軍第7軍（VII Corps），駐斯圖加特，FRG

    • 1st Infantry Division (Mechanized), Fort Riley, KS, POMCUS Set at 1 depot at Mannheim.


    • 1st Canadian Division (Mechanized Infantry), CFB Kingston, ON, Canadian Forces War Stocks at CFB Baden–Soellingen and CFB Lahr.



REFORGER 演習列表













































































Name
Start Date
Major Units
Reforger I
1969年1月
德國為駐地的部隊 USAREUR （美國駐歐陸軍）: HQ and 2nd Squadron of the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg. (U.S.-based unit): 第24步兵師.
Reforger II
OCT 1970
(Germany based unit) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg. (U.S.-based unit): 1st Infantry Division (Mech)[1]
Reforger III
OCT 1971
(Germany based unit) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 1st Armored Division (Ansbach). (U.S.-based unit) 1st Infantry Division (Mech).
Reforger IV
JAN 1973 to April 73 (We came back before Easter)
(Germany based unit): 557 QMC Ida-Oberstein. (U.S.-based unit): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 2nd Armored Division.
Reforger V
Aug 1973 to Nov 73 (We came back before Thanksgiving)
(Germany based unit) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 1st Cavalry Division. I was on Reforger IV and V in 1973 served with the 1st Infantry Division (Mech) Unit 701st Maintenance Battalion - Bravo Company from Aug. 1972 to April 1974 and was awarded the (Blue) Presidential Unit Citation Ribbon with 2 Oak Leaf Clusters one for each deployment. SP4 James Evans and proudly served with a great friend SP4 Keith Schreckengost we are still in contact today.
Reforger 74
Sept 1974
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg; 1st Armored Division, Ansbach. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 1st Cavalry Division, 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach.
Reforger 75
SEP 1975
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech),Würzburg; 2nd Armored Division, Nuremberg; 3rd Armored Division, Frankfurt-am-Main. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 1st Cavalry Division, 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment (sent to Northern Germany to support British forces stationed there for the first time), 2nd Marine Division/32nd Marine Amphibious Unit
Reforger 76
SEP 1976
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 1st Armored Division, Ansbach; 2nd Armored Division, Nuremberg; 8th infantry Division (3rd Brigade, Mannhiem). (U.S.-based units): 101st Airborne, 1st Infantry Division (Mech)
Reforger 77
SEP 1977
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg; (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 4th Infantry Division (Mech), 1st Cavalry Division, 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment.
Reforger 78
SEP 1978
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg. (U.S.-based units): 4th Infantry Division (Mech); 5th Infantry Division (Mech); 9th Infantry Division (Mech); 1st Cavalry Division; 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment.
Reforger 79
JAN 1979
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg; 1st Armored Division, Ansbach. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech); 1st Cavalry Division.
Reforger 80
SEP 1980
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg; 1st Armored Division, Ansbach. (U.S.-based units): 1st Cavalry Division.
Reforger 81
SEP 1981
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fulda; 3rd Armored Division, Frankfurt-am-Main; (U.S.-based units) 4th Infantry Division (Mech), 1st Cavalry Division.
Reforger 82
SEP 1982
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 1st Armored Division, Ansbach. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 1st Cavalry Division.
Reforger 83
SEP 1983
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fulda; 3rd Armored Division, Frankfurt-am-Main; (U.S.-based units): 1st Cavalry Division. Culminated in the now infamous Able Archer 83.[2]
Reforger 84 - "Certain Fury"
SEP 1984
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 1st Infantry Division (Forward), Göppingen; 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fulda. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech); 5th Infantry Division; 24th Infantry Division; 30th Armored Brigade (Sep); 2nd Armored Division (Mech): (TN-ARNG, Tennessee Army National Guard); 7th Infantry Division (Light): 3rd Brigade.
Reforger 85
JAN 1985
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fulda; 3rd Armored Division, Frankfurt-am-Main. (U.S.-based units): 4th Infantry Division (Mech), 5th Infantry Division (Mech), 197th Infantry Brigade.
Reforger 86 - "Certain Sentinel"
JAN 1986
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment: Fulda; 1st Armored Division: Ansbach. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 24th Infantry Division (Mech); 30th Armored Brigade (Sep) (TN-ARNG, Tennessee Army National Guard); 7th Infantry Division (Light) (3rd Brigade); 32nd Sep Inf Bdge (WI-ARNG).
Reforger 87 ~ "Certain Strike"
SEP 1987
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 2nd Armored Division (Forward): Garlstedt. (U.S.-based units): III Corps HQ: Ft. Hood; III Corps Artillery HQ and 212th Field Artillery Brigade HQ: Ft. Sill; 1st Cavalry Division: Ft. Hood; 4th Infantry Division (Mech): Ft. Carson; 6th Cavalry Brigade (Air Combat): Ft. Hood; 45th Infantry Brigade (Sep): 1-279th Infantry (OK-ARNG, Oklahoma Army National Guard); 13th Support Command/Sustainment Command: Ft. Hood; 504th Military Intelligence/Battlefield Surveillance Brigade: Ft. Hood; 3rd Signal Brigade, Ft. Hood; 89th Military Police Brigade: Ft. Hood; 139th Public Affairs Detachment (PAD), 233rd Military Police Company: (33rd MP Battalion, IL-ARNG, Illinois Army National Guard); 420th Engineer Brigade (USAR, U.S. Army Reserve). 723rd Military Police Company: (165th MP Battalion, PA-ARNG, Pennsylvania Army National Guard)
Reforger 88 - "Certain Challenge"
SEP 1988
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 3rd Infantry Division (Mech), Würzburg; 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg; 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fulda; 3rd Armored Division, Frankfurt-am-Main; Berlin Brigade, Berlin. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech); 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment; ; 197th Infantry Brigade; 45th Infantry Brigade, 1-179th Infantry (OK-ARNG, Oklahoma Army National Guard).
Reforger 90 - "Centurion Shield"
11 JAN 1990 to 28 JAN 1990
(Germany based units) USAREUR (U.S. Army Europe): 8th Infantry Division, Bad Kreuznach; 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Nuremberg; 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fulda; 1st Armored Division, Ansbach; 3rd Armored Division, Frankfurt-am-Main. (U.S.-based units): 1st Infantry Division (Mech), 2nd Armored Division, 10th Mountain Division (-); 31st Separate Armored Brigade Army (Alabama Army National Guard)
Reforger 91
SEP 1991
(U.S.-based unit) 4th Infantry Division
Reforger 92 - "Certain Caravan"
SEP 1992
(U.S.-based units): HQ, 1st Infantry Division (Mech); Parts 2nd Brigade, 1st (U.S) Infantry Division (Mech); HQ, 24th Infantry Division (Mech), 30th Armored Brigade (Sep) (Tennessee Army National Guard); HQ, 3rd Brigade, 7th Infantry Division (Light)[3]
Reforger 93
MAY 1993
(Germany based units) U.S. Army Europe: 1st Armored Division, Ansbach; 3rd Infantry Division (Mech) Würzburg.




外部連結



  • REFORGER, GlobalSecurity.org

  • ^ Marshall Army Airfield (MAAF). GlobalSecurity.org


  • ^ http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB426/


  • ^ Reforger 92 – Certain Caravan. M136.de








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